BACC, the BALTEX and Baltic Earth Assessments of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea basin were compiled to assemble, integrate and assess available knowledge of past, current, and expected future climate change and its impacts on the environments of the Baltic Sea basin. BACC was published in 2008, BACC II in 2015, as text books by Springer: BACC II is Open Access and freely downloadable.
Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin
BACC I: 2008
This book offers an up-to-date overview of the latest scientific findings in regional climate research on the Baltic Sea Basin, including climate changes in the recent past, climate projections up until 2100 using the most sophisticated regional climate models available, and an assessment of climate change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. The authors demonstrate that the regional climate has already started to change, and will continue to do so - projections show that the region will become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures, and are expected to face further changes in the near future.
The BACC Author Team consists of more than 80 scientists from 13 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC is a project within the BALTEX (Baltic Sea Experiment) and Baltic Earth programmes and a contribution to the World Climate Research Programme.
Lead authors of the team include Hans von Storch, Anders Omstedt, Raino Heino, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Valery Vuglinsky, Bo Gustafsson, L. Phil Graham, Benjamin Smith, Joachim W. Dippner and Ilppo Vuorinen.
Contents:
Introduction and Policy Advice; Past and Current Climate Change; Projections of Future Anthropogenic Climate Change; Climate-related Change in Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems; Climate-related Change in Marine Ecosystems
BACC I is not Open Access. More infos at balticearth@hereon.de
Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin
BACC II: 2015
This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change.
The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future.
The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.
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